This function makes the data consecutive for each individual (no "gaps" in time dimension per individual) and, optionally, also balanced

make.pconsecutive(x, ...)

# S3 method for class 'data.frame'
make.pconsecutive(x, balanced = FALSE, index = NULL, ...)

# S3 method for class 'pdata.frame'
make.pconsecutive(x, balanced = FALSE, ...)

# S3 method for class 'pseries'
make.pconsecutive(x, balanced = FALSE, ...)

Arguments

x

an object of class pdata.frame, data.frame, or pseries,

...

further arguments.

balanced

logical, indicating whether the data should additionally be made balanced (default: FALSE),

index

only relevant for data.frame interface; if NULL, the first two columns of the data.frame are assumed to be the index variables; if not NULL, both dimensions ('individual', 'time') need to be specified by index as character of length 2 for data frames, for further details see pdata.frame(),

Value

An object of the same class as the input x, i.e., a pdata.frame, data.frame or a pseries which is made time–consecutive based on the index variables. The returned data are sorted as a stacked time series.

Details

(p)data.frame and pseries objects are made consecutive, meaning their time periods are made consecutive per individual. For consecutiveness, the time dimension is interpreted to be numeric, and the data are extended to a regularly spaced sequence with distance 1 between the time periods for each individual (for each individual the time dimension become a sequence t, t+1, t+2, ..., where t is an integer). Non–index variables are filled with NA for the inserted elements (rows for (p)data.frames, vector elements for pseries).

With argument balanced = TRUE, additionally to be made consecutive, the data also can be made a balanced panel/pseries. Note: This means consecutive AND balanced; balancedness does not imply consecutiveness. In the result, each individual will have the same time periods in their time dimension by taking the min and max of the time index variable over all individuals (w/o NA values) and inserting the missing time periods. Looking at the number of rows of the resulting (pdata.frame) (elements for pseries), this results in nrow(make.pconsecutive(<.>, balanced = FALSE)) <= nrow(make.pconsecutive(<.>, balanced = TRUE)). For making the data only balanced, i.e., not demanding consecutiveness at the same time, use make.pbalanced() (see Examples for a comparison)).

Note: rows of (p)data.frames (elements for pseries) with NA values in individual or time index are not examined but silently dropped before the data are made consecutive. In this case, it is not clear which individual or time period is meant by the missing value(s). Especially, this means: If there are NA values in the first/last position of the original time periods for an individual, which usually depicts the beginning and ending of the time series for that individual, the beginning/end of the resulting time series is taken to be the min and max (w/o NA values) of the original time series for that individual, see also Examples. Thus, one might want to check if there are any NA values in the index variables before applying make.pconsecutive, and especially check for NA values in the first and last position for each individual in original data and, if so, maybe set those to some meaningful begin/end value for the time series.

See also

is.pconsecutive() to check if data are consecutive; make.pbalanced() to make data only balanced (not consecutive).
punbalancedness() for two measures of unbalancedness, pdim() to check the dimensions of a 'pdata.frame' (and other objects), pvar() to check for individual and time variation of a 'pdata.frame' (and other objects), lag() for lagged (and leading) values of a 'pseries' object.
pseries(), data.frame(), pdata.frame().

Author

Kevin Tappe

Examples


# take data and make it non-consecutive
# by deletion of 2nd row (2nd time period for first individual)
data("Grunfeld", package = "plm")
nrow(Grunfeld)                             # 200 rows
#> [1] 200
Grunfeld_missing_period <- Grunfeld[-2, ]
is.pconsecutive(Grunfeld_missing_period)   # check for consecutiveness
#>     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9    10 
#> FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE 
make.pconsecutive(Grunfeld_missing_period) # make it consecutiveness
#>     firm year     inv   value capital
#> 1      1 1935  317.60 3078.50    2.80
#> 2      1 1936      NA      NA      NA
#> 3      1 1937  410.60 5387.10  156.90
#> 4      1 1938  257.70 2792.20  209.20
#> 5      1 1939  330.80 4313.20  203.40
#> 6      1 1940  461.20 4643.90  207.20
#> 7      1 1941  512.00 4551.20  255.20
#> 8      1 1942  448.00 3244.10  303.70
#> 9      1 1943  499.60 4053.70  264.10
#> 10     1 1944  547.50 4379.30  201.60
#> 11     1 1945  561.20 4840.90  265.00
#> 12     1 1946  688.10 4900.90  402.20
#> 13     1 1947  568.90 3526.50  761.50
#> 14     1 1948  529.20 3254.70  922.40
#> 15     1 1949  555.10 3700.20 1020.10
#> 16     1 1950  642.90 3755.60 1099.00
#> 17     1 1951  755.90 4833.00 1207.70
#> 18     1 1952  891.20 4924.90 1430.50
#> 19     1 1953 1304.40 6241.70 1777.30
#> 20     1 1954 1486.70 5593.60 2226.30
#> 21     2 1935  209.90 1362.40   53.80
#> 22     2 1936  355.30 1807.10   50.50
#> 23     2 1937  469.90 2676.30  118.10
#> 24     2 1938  262.30 1801.90  260.20
#> 25     2 1939  230.40 1957.30  312.70
#> 26     2 1940  361.60 2202.90  254.20
#> 27     2 1941  472.80 2380.50  261.40
#> 28     2 1942  445.60 2168.60  298.70
#> 29     2 1943  361.60 1985.10  301.80
#> 30     2 1944  288.20 1813.90  279.10
#> 31     2 1945  258.70 1850.20  213.80
#> 32     2 1946  420.30 2067.70  132.60
#> 33     2 1947  420.50 1796.70  264.80
#> 34     2 1948  494.50 1625.80  306.90
#> 35     2 1949  405.10 1667.00  351.10
#> 36     2 1950  418.80 1677.40  357.80
#> 37     2 1951  588.20 2289.50  342.10
#> 38     2 1952  645.50 2159.40  444.20
#> 39     2 1953  641.00 2031.30  623.60
#> 40     2 1954  459.30 2115.50  669.70
#> 41     3 1935   33.10 1170.60   97.80
#> 42     3 1936   45.00 2015.80  104.40
#> 43     3 1937   77.20 2803.30  118.00
#> 44     3 1938   44.60 2039.70  156.20
#> 45     3 1939   48.10 2256.20  172.60
#> 46     3 1940   74.40 2132.20  186.60
#> 47     3 1941  113.00 1834.10  220.90
#> 48     3 1942   91.90 1588.00  287.80
#> 49     3 1943   61.30 1749.40  319.90
#> 50     3 1944   56.80 1687.20  321.30
#> 51     3 1945   93.60 2007.70  319.60
#> 52     3 1946  159.90 2208.30  346.00
#> 53     3 1947  147.20 1656.70  456.40
#> 54     3 1948  146.30 1604.40  543.40
#> 55     3 1949   98.30 1431.80  618.30
#> 56     3 1950   93.50 1610.50  647.40
#> 57     3 1951  135.20 1819.40  671.30
#> 58     3 1952  157.30 2079.70  726.10
#> 59     3 1953  179.50 2371.60  800.30
#> 60     3 1954  189.60 2759.90  888.90
#> 61     4 1935   40.29  417.50   10.50
#> 62     4 1936   72.76  837.80   10.20
#> 63     4 1937   66.26  883.90   34.70
#> 64     4 1938   51.60  437.90   51.80
#> 65     4 1939   52.41  679.70   64.30
#> 66     4 1940   69.41  727.80   67.10
#> 67     4 1941   68.35  643.60   75.20
#> 68     4 1942   46.80  410.90   71.40
#> 69     4 1943   47.40  588.40   67.10
#> 70     4 1944   59.57  698.40   60.50
#> 71     4 1945   88.78  846.40   54.60
#> 72     4 1946   74.12  893.80   84.80
#> 73     4 1947   62.68  579.00   96.80
#> 74     4 1948   89.36  694.60  110.20
#> 75     4 1949   78.98  590.30  147.40
#> 76     4 1950  100.66  693.50  163.20
#> 77     4 1951  160.62  809.00  203.50
#> 78     4 1952  145.00  727.00  290.60
#> 79     4 1953  174.93 1001.50  346.10
#> 80     4 1954  172.49  703.20  414.90
#> 81     5 1935   39.68  157.70  183.20
#> 82     5 1936   50.73  167.90  204.00
#> 83     5 1937   74.24  192.90  236.00
#> 84     5 1938   53.51  156.70  291.70
#> 85     5 1939   42.65  191.40  323.10
#> 86     5 1940   46.48  185.50  344.00
#> 87     5 1941   61.40  199.60  367.70
#> 88     5 1942   39.67  189.50  407.20
#> 89     5 1943   62.24  151.20  426.60
#> 90     5 1944   52.32  187.70  470.00
#> 91     5 1945   63.21  214.70  499.20
#> 92     5 1946   59.37  232.90  534.60
#> 93     5 1947   58.02  249.00  566.60
#> 94     5 1948   70.34  224.50  595.30
#> 95     5 1949   67.42  237.30  631.40
#> 96     5 1950   55.74  240.10  662.30
#> 97     5 1951   80.30  327.30  683.90
#> 98     5 1952   85.40  359.40  729.30
#> 99     5 1953   91.90  398.40  774.30
#> 100    5 1954   81.43  365.70  804.90
#> 101    6 1935   20.36  197.00    6.50
#> 102    6 1936   25.98  210.30   15.80
#> 103    6 1937   25.94  223.10   27.70
#> 104    6 1938   27.53  216.70   39.20
#> 105    6 1939   24.60  286.40   48.60
#> 106    6 1940   28.54  298.00   52.50
#> 107    6 1941   43.41  276.90   61.50
#> 108    6 1942   42.81  272.60   80.50
#> 109    6 1943   27.84  287.40   94.40
#> 110    6 1944   32.60  330.30   92.60
#> 111    6 1945   39.03  324.40   92.30
#> 112    6 1946   50.17  401.90   94.20
#> 113    6 1947   51.85  407.40  111.40
#> 114    6 1948   64.03  409.20  127.40
#> 115    6 1949   68.16  482.20  149.30
#> 116    6 1950   77.34  673.80  164.40
#> 117    6 1951   95.30  676.90  177.20
#> 118    6 1952   99.49  702.00  200.00
#> 119    6 1953  127.52  793.50  211.50
#> 120    6 1954  135.72  927.30  238.70
#> 121    7 1935   24.43  138.00  100.20
#> 122    7 1936   23.21  200.10  125.00
#> 123    7 1937   32.78  210.10  142.40
#> 124    7 1938   32.54  161.20  165.10
#> 125    7 1939   26.65  161.70  194.80
#> 126    7 1940   33.71  145.10  222.90
#> 127    7 1941   43.50  110.60  252.10
#> 128    7 1942   34.46   98.10  276.30
#> 129    7 1943   44.28  108.80  300.30
#> 130    7 1944   70.80  118.20  318.20
#> 131    7 1945   44.12  126.50  336.20
#> 132    7 1946   48.98  156.70  351.20
#> 133    7 1947   48.51  119.40  373.60
#> 134    7 1948   50.00  129.10  389.40
#> 135    7 1949   50.59  134.80  406.70
#> 136    7 1950   42.53  140.80  429.50
#> 137    7 1951   64.77  179.00  450.60
#> 138    7 1952   72.68  178.10  466.90
#> 139    7 1953   73.86  186.80  486.20
#> 140    7 1954   89.51  192.70  511.30
#> 141    8 1935   12.93  191.50    1.80
#> 142    8 1936   25.90  516.00    0.80
#> 143    8 1937   35.05  729.00    7.40
#> 144    8 1938   22.89  560.40   18.10
#> 145    8 1939   18.84  519.90   23.50
#> 146    8 1940   28.57  628.50   26.50
#> 147    8 1941   48.51  537.10   36.20
#> 148    8 1942   43.34  561.20   60.80
#> 149    8 1943   37.02  617.20   84.40
#> 150    8 1944   37.81  626.70   91.20
#> 151    8 1945   39.27  737.20   92.40
#> 152    8 1946   53.46  760.50   86.00
#> 153    8 1947   55.56  581.40  111.10
#> 154    8 1948   49.56  662.30  130.60
#> 155    8 1949   32.04  583.80  141.80
#> 156    8 1950   32.24  635.20  136.70
#> 157    8 1951   54.38  723.80  129.70
#> 158    8 1952   71.78  864.10  145.50
#> 159    8 1953   90.08 1193.50  174.80
#> 160    8 1954   68.60 1188.90  213.50
#> 161    9 1935   26.63  290.60  162.00
#> 162    9 1936   23.39  291.10  174.00
#> 163    9 1937   30.65  335.00  183.00
#> 164    9 1938   20.89  246.00  198.00
#> 165    9 1939   28.78  356.20  208.00
#> 166    9 1940   26.93  289.80  223.00
#> 167    9 1941   32.08  268.20  234.00
#> 168    9 1942   32.21  213.30  248.00
#> 169    9 1943   35.69  348.20  274.00
#> 170    9 1944   62.47  374.20  282.00
#> 171    9 1945   52.32  387.20  316.00
#> 172    9 1946   56.95  347.40  302.00
#> 173    9 1947   54.32  291.90  333.00
#> 174    9 1948   40.53  297.20  359.00
#> 175    9 1949   32.54  276.90  370.00
#> 176    9 1950   43.48  274.60  376.00
#> 177    9 1951   56.49  339.90  391.00
#> 178    9 1952   65.98  474.80  414.00
#> 179    9 1953   66.11  496.00  443.00
#> 180    9 1954   49.34  474.50  468.00
#> 181   10 1935    2.54   70.91    4.50
#> 182   10 1936    2.00   87.94    4.71
#> 183   10 1937    2.19   82.20    4.57
#> 184   10 1938    1.99   58.72    4.56
#> 185   10 1939    2.03   80.54    4.38
#> 186   10 1940    1.81   86.47    4.21
#> 187   10 1941    2.14   77.68    4.12
#> 188   10 1942    1.86   62.16    3.83
#> 189   10 1943    0.93   62.24    3.58
#> 190   10 1944    1.18   61.82    3.41
#> 191   10 1945    1.36   65.85    3.31
#> 192   10 1946    2.24   69.54    3.23
#> 193   10 1947    3.81   64.97    3.90
#> 194   10 1948    5.66   68.00    5.38
#> 195   10 1949    4.21   71.24    7.39
#> 196   10 1950    3.42   69.05    8.74
#> 197   10 1951    4.67   83.04    9.07
#> 198   10 1952    6.00   74.42    9.93
#> 199   10 1953    6.53   63.51   11.68
#> 200   10 1954    5.12   58.12   14.33


# argument balanced:
# First, make data non-consecutive and unbalanced
# by deletion of 2nd time period (year 1936) for all individuals
# and more time periods for first individual only
Grunfeld_unbalanced <- Grunfeld[Grunfeld$year != 1936, ]
Grunfeld_unbalanced <- Grunfeld_unbalanced[-c(1,4), ]
all(is.pconsecutive(Grunfeld_unbalanced)) # FALSE
#> [1] FALSE
pdim(Grunfeld_unbalanced)$balanced        # FALSE
#> [1] FALSE

g_consec_bal <- make.pconsecutive(Grunfeld_unbalanced, balanced = TRUE)
all(is.pconsecutive(g_consec_bal)) # TRUE
#> [1] TRUE
pdim(g_consec_bal)$balanced        # TRUE
#> [1] TRUE
nrow(g_consec_bal)                 # 200 rows
#> [1] 200
head(g_consec_bal)                 # 1st individual: years 1935, 1936, 1939 are NA
#>   firm year   inv  value capital
#> 1    1 1935    NA     NA      NA
#> 2    1 1936    NA     NA      NA
#> 3    1 1937 410.6 5387.1   156.9
#> 4    1 1938 257.7 2792.2   209.2
#> 5    1 1939    NA     NA      NA
#> 6    1 1940 461.2 4643.9   207.2

g_consec <- make.pconsecutive(Grunfeld_unbalanced) # default: balanced = FALSE
all(is.pconsecutive(g_consec)) # TRUE
#> [1] TRUE
pdim(g_consec)$balanced        # FALSE
#> [1] FALSE
nrow(g_consec)                 # 198 rows
#> [1] 198
head(g_consec)                 # 1st individual: years 1935, 1936 dropped, 1939 is NA 
#>   firm year   inv  value capital
#> 1    1 1937 410.6 5387.1   156.9
#> 2    1 1938 257.7 2792.2   209.2
#> 3    1 1939    NA     NA      NA
#> 4    1 1940 461.2 4643.9   207.2
#> 5    1 1941 512.0 4551.2   255.2
#> 6    1 1942 448.0 3244.1   303.7


# NA in 1st, 3rd time period (years 1935, 1937) for first individual
Grunfeld_NA <- Grunfeld
Grunfeld_NA[c(1, 3), "year"] <- NA
g_NA <- make.pconsecutive(Grunfeld_NA)
head(g_NA)        # 1936 is begin for 1st individual, 1937: NA for non-index vars
#>   firm year   inv  value capital
#> 1    1 1936 391.8 4661.7    52.6
#> 2    1 1937    NA     NA      NA
#> 3    1 1938 257.7 2792.2   209.2
#> 4    1 1939 330.8 4313.2   203.4
#> 5    1 1940 461.2 4643.9   207.2
#> 6    1 1941 512.0 4551.2   255.2
nrow(g_NA)        # 199, year 1935 from original data is dropped
#> [1] 199


# pdata.frame interface
pGrunfeld_missing_period <- pdata.frame(Grunfeld_missing_period)
make.pconsecutive(Grunfeld_missing_period)
#>     firm year     inv   value capital
#> 1      1 1935  317.60 3078.50    2.80
#> 2      1 1936      NA      NA      NA
#> 3      1 1937  410.60 5387.10  156.90
#> 4      1 1938  257.70 2792.20  209.20
#> 5      1 1939  330.80 4313.20  203.40
#> 6      1 1940  461.20 4643.90  207.20
#> 7      1 1941  512.00 4551.20  255.20
#> 8      1 1942  448.00 3244.10  303.70
#> 9      1 1943  499.60 4053.70  264.10
#> 10     1 1944  547.50 4379.30  201.60
#> 11     1 1945  561.20 4840.90  265.00
#> 12     1 1946  688.10 4900.90  402.20
#> 13     1 1947  568.90 3526.50  761.50
#> 14     1 1948  529.20 3254.70  922.40
#> 15     1 1949  555.10 3700.20 1020.10
#> 16     1 1950  642.90 3755.60 1099.00
#> 17     1 1951  755.90 4833.00 1207.70
#> 18     1 1952  891.20 4924.90 1430.50
#> 19     1 1953 1304.40 6241.70 1777.30
#> 20     1 1954 1486.70 5593.60 2226.30
#> 21     2 1935  209.90 1362.40   53.80
#> 22     2 1936  355.30 1807.10   50.50
#> 23     2 1937  469.90 2676.30  118.10
#> 24     2 1938  262.30 1801.90  260.20
#> 25     2 1939  230.40 1957.30  312.70
#> 26     2 1940  361.60 2202.90  254.20
#> 27     2 1941  472.80 2380.50  261.40
#> 28     2 1942  445.60 2168.60  298.70
#> 29     2 1943  361.60 1985.10  301.80
#> 30     2 1944  288.20 1813.90  279.10
#> 31     2 1945  258.70 1850.20  213.80
#> 32     2 1946  420.30 2067.70  132.60
#> 33     2 1947  420.50 1796.70  264.80
#> 34     2 1948  494.50 1625.80  306.90
#> 35     2 1949  405.10 1667.00  351.10
#> 36     2 1950  418.80 1677.40  357.80
#> 37     2 1951  588.20 2289.50  342.10
#> 38     2 1952  645.50 2159.40  444.20
#> 39     2 1953  641.00 2031.30  623.60
#> 40     2 1954  459.30 2115.50  669.70
#> 41     3 1935   33.10 1170.60   97.80
#> 42     3 1936   45.00 2015.80  104.40
#> 43     3 1937   77.20 2803.30  118.00
#> 44     3 1938   44.60 2039.70  156.20
#> 45     3 1939   48.10 2256.20  172.60
#> 46     3 1940   74.40 2132.20  186.60
#> 47     3 1941  113.00 1834.10  220.90
#> 48     3 1942   91.90 1588.00  287.80
#> 49     3 1943   61.30 1749.40  319.90
#> 50     3 1944   56.80 1687.20  321.30
#> 51     3 1945   93.60 2007.70  319.60
#> 52     3 1946  159.90 2208.30  346.00
#> 53     3 1947  147.20 1656.70  456.40
#> 54     3 1948  146.30 1604.40  543.40
#> 55     3 1949   98.30 1431.80  618.30
#> 56     3 1950   93.50 1610.50  647.40
#> 57     3 1951  135.20 1819.40  671.30
#> 58     3 1952  157.30 2079.70  726.10
#> 59     3 1953  179.50 2371.60  800.30
#> 60     3 1954  189.60 2759.90  888.90
#> 61     4 1935   40.29  417.50   10.50
#> 62     4 1936   72.76  837.80   10.20
#> 63     4 1937   66.26  883.90   34.70
#> 64     4 1938   51.60  437.90   51.80
#> 65     4 1939   52.41  679.70   64.30
#> 66     4 1940   69.41  727.80   67.10
#> 67     4 1941   68.35  643.60   75.20
#> 68     4 1942   46.80  410.90   71.40
#> 69     4 1943   47.40  588.40   67.10
#> 70     4 1944   59.57  698.40   60.50
#> 71     4 1945   88.78  846.40   54.60
#> 72     4 1946   74.12  893.80   84.80
#> 73     4 1947   62.68  579.00   96.80
#> 74     4 1948   89.36  694.60  110.20
#> 75     4 1949   78.98  590.30  147.40
#> 76     4 1950  100.66  693.50  163.20
#> 77     4 1951  160.62  809.00  203.50
#> 78     4 1952  145.00  727.00  290.60
#> 79     4 1953  174.93 1001.50  346.10
#> 80     4 1954  172.49  703.20  414.90
#> 81     5 1935   39.68  157.70  183.20
#> 82     5 1936   50.73  167.90  204.00
#> 83     5 1937   74.24  192.90  236.00
#> 84     5 1938   53.51  156.70  291.70
#> 85     5 1939   42.65  191.40  323.10
#> 86     5 1940   46.48  185.50  344.00
#> 87     5 1941   61.40  199.60  367.70
#> 88     5 1942   39.67  189.50  407.20
#> 89     5 1943   62.24  151.20  426.60
#> 90     5 1944   52.32  187.70  470.00
#> 91     5 1945   63.21  214.70  499.20
#> 92     5 1946   59.37  232.90  534.60
#> 93     5 1947   58.02  249.00  566.60
#> 94     5 1948   70.34  224.50  595.30
#> 95     5 1949   67.42  237.30  631.40
#> 96     5 1950   55.74  240.10  662.30
#> 97     5 1951   80.30  327.30  683.90
#> 98     5 1952   85.40  359.40  729.30
#> 99     5 1953   91.90  398.40  774.30
#> 100    5 1954   81.43  365.70  804.90
#> 101    6 1935   20.36  197.00    6.50
#> 102    6 1936   25.98  210.30   15.80
#> 103    6 1937   25.94  223.10   27.70
#> 104    6 1938   27.53  216.70   39.20
#> 105    6 1939   24.60  286.40   48.60
#> 106    6 1940   28.54  298.00   52.50
#> 107    6 1941   43.41  276.90   61.50
#> 108    6 1942   42.81  272.60   80.50
#> 109    6 1943   27.84  287.40   94.40
#> 110    6 1944   32.60  330.30   92.60
#> 111    6 1945   39.03  324.40   92.30
#> 112    6 1946   50.17  401.90   94.20
#> 113    6 1947   51.85  407.40  111.40
#> 114    6 1948   64.03  409.20  127.40
#> 115    6 1949   68.16  482.20  149.30
#> 116    6 1950   77.34  673.80  164.40
#> 117    6 1951   95.30  676.90  177.20
#> 118    6 1952   99.49  702.00  200.00
#> 119    6 1953  127.52  793.50  211.50
#> 120    6 1954  135.72  927.30  238.70
#> 121    7 1935   24.43  138.00  100.20
#> 122    7 1936   23.21  200.10  125.00
#> 123    7 1937   32.78  210.10  142.40
#> 124    7 1938   32.54  161.20  165.10
#> 125    7 1939   26.65  161.70  194.80
#> 126    7 1940   33.71  145.10  222.90
#> 127    7 1941   43.50  110.60  252.10
#> 128    7 1942   34.46   98.10  276.30
#> 129    7 1943   44.28  108.80  300.30
#> 130    7 1944   70.80  118.20  318.20
#> 131    7 1945   44.12  126.50  336.20
#> 132    7 1946   48.98  156.70  351.20
#> 133    7 1947   48.51  119.40  373.60
#> 134    7 1948   50.00  129.10  389.40
#> 135    7 1949   50.59  134.80  406.70
#> 136    7 1950   42.53  140.80  429.50
#> 137    7 1951   64.77  179.00  450.60
#> 138    7 1952   72.68  178.10  466.90
#> 139    7 1953   73.86  186.80  486.20
#> 140    7 1954   89.51  192.70  511.30
#> 141    8 1935   12.93  191.50    1.80
#> 142    8 1936   25.90  516.00    0.80
#> 143    8 1937   35.05  729.00    7.40
#> 144    8 1938   22.89  560.40   18.10
#> 145    8 1939   18.84  519.90   23.50
#> 146    8 1940   28.57  628.50   26.50
#> 147    8 1941   48.51  537.10   36.20
#> 148    8 1942   43.34  561.20   60.80
#> 149    8 1943   37.02  617.20   84.40
#> 150    8 1944   37.81  626.70   91.20
#> 151    8 1945   39.27  737.20   92.40
#> 152    8 1946   53.46  760.50   86.00
#> 153    8 1947   55.56  581.40  111.10
#> 154    8 1948   49.56  662.30  130.60
#> 155    8 1949   32.04  583.80  141.80
#> 156    8 1950   32.24  635.20  136.70
#> 157    8 1951   54.38  723.80  129.70
#> 158    8 1952   71.78  864.10  145.50
#> 159    8 1953   90.08 1193.50  174.80
#> 160    8 1954   68.60 1188.90  213.50
#> 161    9 1935   26.63  290.60  162.00
#> 162    9 1936   23.39  291.10  174.00
#> 163    9 1937   30.65  335.00  183.00
#> 164    9 1938   20.89  246.00  198.00
#> 165    9 1939   28.78  356.20  208.00
#> 166    9 1940   26.93  289.80  223.00
#> 167    9 1941   32.08  268.20  234.00
#> 168    9 1942   32.21  213.30  248.00
#> 169    9 1943   35.69  348.20  274.00
#> 170    9 1944   62.47  374.20  282.00
#> 171    9 1945   52.32  387.20  316.00
#> 172    9 1946   56.95  347.40  302.00
#> 173    9 1947   54.32  291.90  333.00
#> 174    9 1948   40.53  297.20  359.00
#> 175    9 1949   32.54  276.90  370.00
#> 176    9 1950   43.48  274.60  376.00
#> 177    9 1951   56.49  339.90  391.00
#> 178    9 1952   65.98  474.80  414.00
#> 179    9 1953   66.11  496.00  443.00
#> 180    9 1954   49.34  474.50  468.00
#> 181   10 1935    2.54   70.91    4.50
#> 182   10 1936    2.00   87.94    4.71
#> 183   10 1937    2.19   82.20    4.57
#> 184   10 1938    1.99   58.72    4.56
#> 185   10 1939    2.03   80.54    4.38
#> 186   10 1940    1.81   86.47    4.21
#> 187   10 1941    2.14   77.68    4.12
#> 188   10 1942    1.86   62.16    3.83
#> 189   10 1943    0.93   62.24    3.58
#> 190   10 1944    1.18   61.82    3.41
#> 191   10 1945    1.36   65.85    3.31
#> 192   10 1946    2.24   69.54    3.23
#> 193   10 1947    3.81   64.97    3.90
#> 194   10 1948    5.66   68.00    5.38
#> 195   10 1949    4.21   71.24    7.39
#> 196   10 1950    3.42   69.05    8.74
#> 197   10 1951    4.67   83.04    9.07
#> 198   10 1952    6.00   74.42    9.93
#> 199   10 1953    6.53   63.51   11.68
#> 200   10 1954    5.12   58.12   14.33


# pseries interface
make.pconsecutive(pGrunfeld_missing_period$inv)
#>  1-1935  1-1936  1-1937  1-1938  1-1939  1-1940  1-1941  1-1942  1-1943  1-1944 
#>  317.60      NA  410.60  257.70  330.80  461.20  512.00  448.00  499.60  547.50 
#>  1-1945  1-1946  1-1947  1-1948  1-1949  1-1950  1-1951  1-1952  1-1953  1-1954 
#>  561.20  688.10  568.90  529.20  555.10  642.90  755.90  891.20 1304.40 1486.70 
#>  2-1935  2-1936  2-1937  2-1938  2-1939  2-1940  2-1941  2-1942  2-1943  2-1944 
#>  209.90  355.30  469.90  262.30  230.40  361.60  472.80  445.60  361.60  288.20 
#>  2-1945  2-1946  2-1947  2-1948  2-1949  2-1950  2-1951  2-1952  2-1953  2-1954 
#>  258.70  420.30  420.50  494.50  405.10  418.80  588.20  645.50  641.00  459.30 
#>  3-1935  3-1936  3-1937  3-1938  3-1939  3-1940  3-1941  3-1942  3-1943  3-1944 
#>   33.10   45.00   77.20   44.60   48.10   74.40  113.00   91.90   61.30   56.80 
#>  3-1945  3-1946  3-1947  3-1948  3-1949  3-1950  3-1951  3-1952  3-1953  3-1954 
#>   93.60  159.90  147.20  146.30   98.30   93.50  135.20  157.30  179.50  189.60 
#>  4-1935  4-1936  4-1937  4-1938  4-1939  4-1940  4-1941  4-1942  4-1943  4-1944 
#>   40.29   72.76   66.26   51.60   52.41   69.41   68.35   46.80   47.40   59.57 
#>  4-1945  4-1946  4-1947  4-1948  4-1949  4-1950  4-1951  4-1952  4-1953  4-1954 
#>   88.78   74.12   62.68   89.36   78.98  100.66  160.62  145.00  174.93  172.49 
#>  5-1935  5-1936  5-1937  5-1938  5-1939  5-1940  5-1941  5-1942  5-1943  5-1944 
#>   39.68   50.73   74.24   53.51   42.65   46.48   61.40   39.67   62.24   52.32 
#>  5-1945  5-1946  5-1947  5-1948  5-1949  5-1950  5-1951  5-1952  5-1953  5-1954 
#>   63.21   59.37   58.02   70.34   67.42   55.74   80.30   85.40   91.90   81.43 
#>  6-1935  6-1936  6-1937  6-1938  6-1939  6-1940  6-1941  6-1942  6-1943  6-1944 
#>   20.36   25.98   25.94   27.53   24.60   28.54   43.41   42.81   27.84   32.60 
#>  6-1945  6-1946  6-1947  6-1948  6-1949  6-1950  6-1951  6-1952  6-1953  6-1954 
#>   39.03   50.17   51.85   64.03   68.16   77.34   95.30   99.49  127.52  135.72 
#>  7-1935  7-1936  7-1937  7-1938  7-1939  7-1940  7-1941  7-1942  7-1943  7-1944 
#>   24.43   23.21   32.78   32.54   26.65   33.71   43.50   34.46   44.28   70.80 
#>  7-1945  7-1946  7-1947  7-1948  7-1949  7-1950  7-1951  7-1952  7-1953  7-1954 
#>   44.12   48.98   48.51   50.00   50.59   42.53   64.77   72.68   73.86   89.51 
#>  8-1935  8-1936  8-1937  8-1938  8-1939  8-1940  8-1941  8-1942  8-1943  8-1944 
#>   12.93   25.90   35.05   22.89   18.84   28.57   48.51   43.34   37.02   37.81 
#>  8-1945  8-1946  8-1947  8-1948  8-1949  8-1950  8-1951  8-1952  8-1953  8-1954 
#>   39.27   53.46   55.56   49.56   32.04   32.24   54.38   71.78   90.08   68.60 
#>  9-1935  9-1936  9-1937  9-1938  9-1939  9-1940  9-1941  9-1942  9-1943  9-1944 
#>   26.63   23.39   30.65   20.89   28.78   26.93   32.08   32.21   35.69   62.47 
#>  9-1945  9-1946  9-1947  9-1948  9-1949  9-1950  9-1951  9-1952  9-1953  9-1954 
#>   52.32   56.95   54.32   40.53   32.54   43.48   56.49   65.98   66.11   49.34 
#> 10-1935 10-1936 10-1937 10-1938 10-1939 10-1940 10-1941 10-1942 10-1943 10-1944 
#>    2.54    2.00    2.19    1.99    2.03    1.81    2.14    1.86    0.93    1.18 
#> 10-1945 10-1946 10-1947 10-1948 10-1949 10-1950 10-1951 10-1952 10-1953 10-1954 
#>    1.36    2.24    3.81    5.66    4.21    3.42    4.67    6.00    6.53    5.12 


# comparison to make.pbalanced (makes the data only balanced, not consecutive)
g_bal <- make.pbalanced(Grunfeld_unbalanced)
all(is.pconsecutive(g_bal)) # FALSE
#> [1] FALSE
pdim(g_bal)$balanced        # TRUE
#> [1] TRUE
nrow(g_bal) # 190 rows
#> [1] 190